James Gregory
(1638-1675)
Died aged c. 37
Wikidata WikipediaJames Gregory FRS (November 1638 – October 1675) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer. His surname is sometimes spelt as Gregorie, the original Scottish spelling. He described an early practical design for the reflecting telescope – the Gregorian telescope – and made advances in trigonometry, discovering infinite series representations for several trigonometric functions. In his book Geometriae Pars Universalis (1668) Gregory gave both the first published statement and proof of the fundamental theorem of the calculus (stated from a geometric point of view, and only for a special class of the curves considered by later versions of the theorem), for which he was acknowledged by Isaac Barrow.
DbPedia
Commemorated on 1 plaque
Gregory's Meridian Line. James Gregory (1638-1675) was the first Regius Professor of Mathematics at the University of St Andrews and an early Fellow of the Royal Society. he used the upper hall of this building, known as the King James Library, as his laboratory from 1668-1674. A north-south meridian line was laid down in the floor of the library in 1748 (continued here across the pavement). Gregory, along with Newton and Leibniz, was one of the founders of calculus. He wrote the first textbook on the subject, and calculus was taught at St Andrews 100 years before it was on the curriculum at the University of Cambridge. Gregory is also remembered for his discovery of the diffraction grating by using a bird's feather, and for his invention of the 'Gregorian' telescope, which is still in use today. This meridian line was set in place thanks to the support of St Andrews and the St Andrews Preservation Trust's Gordon Christie Bequest.
St Mary's College Library, South St, St Andrews, United Kingdom where they worked