Sigmund Freud
(1856-1939)

Died aged c. 83

Sigmund Freud (/frɔɪd/ FROYD, German: [ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏ̯t]; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating pathologies explained as originating in conflicts in the psyche, through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire. He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902. Freud lived and worked in Vienna, having set up his clinical practice there in 1886. In 1938, Freud left Austria to escape Nazi persecution. He died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939. In founding psychoanalysis, Freud developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association and discovered transference, establishing its central role in the analytic process. Freud's redefinition of sexuality to include its infantile forms led him to formulate the Oedipus complex as the central tenet of psychoanalytical theory. His analysis of dreams as wish-fulfillments provided him with models for the clinical analysis of symptom formation and the underlying mechanisms of repression. On this basis, Freud elaborated his theory of the and went on to develop a model of psychic structure comprising id, ego and super-ego. Freud postulated the existence of libido, sexualised energy with which mental processes and structures are invested and which generates erotic attachments, and a death drive, the source of compulsive repetition, hate, aggression, and neurotic guilt. In his later works, Freud developed a wide-ranging interpretation and critique of religion and culture. Though in overall decline as a diagnostic and clinical practice, psychoanalysis remains influential within psychology, psychiatry, and psychotherapy, and across the humanities. It thus continues to generate extensive and highly contested debate concerning its therapeutic efficacy, its scientific status, and whether it advances or hinders the feminist cause. Nonetheless, Freud's work has suffused contemporary Western thought and popular culture. W. H. Auden's 1940 poetic tribute to Freud describes him as having created "a whole climate of opinion / under whom we conduct our different lives".

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friend of Adolfo Cozza and friend of Marie Bonaparte

Commemorated on 5 plaques

Sigmund Freud 1856-1939 founder of Psychoanalysis lived here in 1938-1939

20 Maresfield Gardens, London, United Kingdom where they lived (1938-1939)

Sigmund Freud Créateur de la psychanalyse Habita cette maison 1885-1886

English translation: Sigmund Freud Creator of psychoanalysis Habita this house 1885-1886 [AWS Translate]

Rue Gay Lussac, Paris, France where they lived

Au cours de son premier sejour a Paris en 1885 Sigmund Freud resida dans cet hôtel alors appele Hôtel de la Paix

English translation: During his first stay in Paris in 1885 Sigmund Freud resided in this hotel then called the Hotel de la Paix [AWS Translate]

5 impasse Royer-Collard, Paris, France where they lived (1885)

Sigmund Freud Otac Psihoanalize boravio je u ovoj kuci u rujnu 1898

English translation: The father of psychoanalysis lived in this house September 1898

, Split, Croatia where they lived (1898)

Palazzo Bisenzi Qui soggiorno nell'Albergo delle Belle Arti Sigmund Freud Fidapa B.P.W. Italy di Orvieto dedica a Marie Bonaparte Associazione ApertaMenteOrvieto Liceo Artistico Orvieto con il Patrocinio del Comune di Orvieto

English translation: Bisenzi Palace Here I stay at the Hotel delle Belle Arti Sigmund Freud Fidapa B.P.W. Italy from Orvieto dedicates it to Marie Bonaparte Openly Orvieto Association Orvieto Artistic High School under the patronage of the Municipality of Orvieto [AWS Translate]

Corso Cavour, 36, Orvieto, Italy where they stayed